Which of the following is an accurate statement about gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)?

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is recognized as the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Its main function is to reduce neuronal excitability by binding to its receptors on neurons, which leads to a hyperpolarization of the neuron. This means that the chances of these neurons firing an action potential are diminished, resulting in an overall calming effect on brain activity. This inhibitory action helps regulate anxiety, muscle tension, and many other functions in the brain.

Understanding the role of GABA is crucial in neuroscience and psychology, as it plays a significant part in various neurological disorders and is often a target for treatments aimed at anxiety, epilepsy, and other conditions where there is an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission. Other options mischaracterize GABA’s function or suggest incorrect physiological locations related to its production, which further highlights why option A accurately represents GABA's role in the brain.