Explain the concept of sensory overload.

Sensory overload refers to a situation where an individual receives an excessive amount of sensory input, which ultimately surpasses their ability to process it effectively. This can occur in environments where there are numerous competing stimuli, such as bright lights, loud noises, and overwhelming visual elements. The brain, which is tasked with filtering and interpreting this information, may struggle to keep up, leading to feelings of confusion, anxiety, and an inability to focus.

In contrast, under-stimulation, negative sensory experiences, or an individual being able to process input easily do not capture the essence of sensory overload. Under-stimulation refers to a lack of adequate sensory input, while negative sensory experiences focus on the emotional reaction to sensory information rather than the capacity to process it. The ability to process input easily suggests a well-regulated sensory system in which overload is not an issue, thus emphasizing why the correct answer highlights the balance of sensory input against processing capacity.